Vegetation Community Characteristics and diversity in different phases of mining at Charhi and Kuju coal mining areas, Jharkhand, India

The increase in the energy requirement of a country shows its economic advancement. Coal mining activity has increased considerably to compensate for requirements. As result, open-cast coal methods induced drastic change land use and seriously jeopardized sustainability ecosystem. Once disrupted by or underground mining, condition cannot be entirely recovered, making it non-renewable asset environment support human life. An attempt was made study existing flora different zones (operating, abandoned, control) Charhi Kuju area, Jharkhand, India. From 2015 2018,173 species belonging 75 families angiosperms, terrestrial aquatic ferns have been reported identified so far from this area. most dominant family is Poaceae with maximum number where not yet done. This paper's findings would help assess which can used reclamation abandoned areas.